Compressor



Dec. 14, 1937.A

W. W. WISHART' 1 COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 23, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet l` 4 Sheets-shee'z wvum) w. wwar) 1- Dc 14, V1937. w. w.w1sHA`RT COMPRESSOR FiledV Jan. 23, 1955 Dec. 14, 1937. vw. W. W'lsHART- 2,102,344 Y 'COMPRESSOR Y Filed Jan. 25, 1935 Y 4 sheets-Shenv s j f Y 135 Iruuemof:

wammmwhwft: y 'y Dec. 14, 1937. w. w. WISHART COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 23, 1935 4 Sheets--Sheec` 4 El/121252 @www zzz :law/mrt PatentedDe. 14, 1937` l ik n '241,023 I" j coiviiaasson' win'iemfw. wgeharacnicasof l Application January .23, 1935,I Serial No.r l3,3103

' 1o claims; l (CL 'j230'14o) Myinvention relates in general to fluid ow apspace within the cylinder, `a still further object paratus Y and has particular referenceto 'rotary being to mount the inwardly opening inlet valves Y uid flow devices and more especially devices insaid bores so as to minimizethepocket spacevv adapted for use as pumps or compressors, the between the valve and work space as much as same comprising additionsandy improvements on possible.v .1 I the invention disclosed in my `copending applica- Anotherimportant object is .to providefan innon, seriaiNumber 743,196, ineaA september s', wardly' opening -valve for. the inlet ports of such 1934. 1' 1 construction'that pocket space between Vthe Valve An important object of the invention isto proandthe work space isentireIy eliminated; theV I vide a rotar-yfiuid flow device havingan entrance valve, when closed, forming a substantial `contin` 10 and an exit for a work medium and means where'- uation of theinner face of the annular wall of the by flow may take Vplace through the device'ffron cylinder." y the entrance to the exit regardless of the direction i A furtherimportant Aobject isto provide a de-v of rotation of the device.V vice of thecharacter.i' 1escribed ,V in which the blade l5 Another important object is to provide a deis xed on thelcylinder in position extending Ain'- 15 vice of, the class described having umeans whereby wardly of the annular wall thereof fand clamped work, material, admitted through the entrance, at its-opposite endsbetween the-end walls of, the` travelsithence through a channel terminating in cylinderand. in which the piston is formed with aforked-duct having arms extending on Vopposite a slot forireceiving 7the bladenthe opposite sides Work space on opposite sides of the blade; a fur- 'bearing blocksand. the yielding means for foro ther object being to form the channel, through -ln'gfthe saine againstthe bla'deg `which thework medium is delivered to theforked "Another important bject is to provide suitable duct, in a Shaft, on which one ofthe co- Operating Alubricating means for all of theoperating parts elements' is Carried l of the device: @further object beingto provide A Still further important Oblect is tojfolm the a lubricant circulatingsystem including forcing forked duct 1F a Wan Ofi :the: Cylinde elemmt' means built into the device and driven in response -Antheloblect 15a tQPro-Ylfie sealing means be' tothe rotation ofat least one of the co-operating tween the members .onfairlmg the Commueitelements of the devioerende stur furtherl ob-v ing ends of the ductand channel; a further object being to form oneofthe zw-Operating ,e1' 30 ject being to mount the seanngmeafrfs'on the ele' ments for rotation'with a supporting axle and to menf; 'containmg .the channel in poslt-iop to form deliverlubricant fromthe'forcingmeans through seahng enagemm with the Smm@ ofth? Wup* aduet formed in 'meerde and in them-'operating der Wall' m Whh theommuniamg fnd 0f element thereon', solo-dootdisehorgmg-mtothe; the du Opns' v h Y ,cylinderin'posmoo to lubrieete theiworkme eur-l A further Important ObJect is to" form t e seal Afaces of the cylinderandpiston andbeln'gfthence as an annular element carriedfby the part in e n e f .Y l returned through suitable condu1tsto the suction f which the channelis formed and axially movable side/ofthe lubricant mrcmgmeansvthereon to a DOstion engaging the facing-surface d 40 of'thefcylinder walliconteming the door; a stm lAnothef objtif? Si? foid for channhe' 4o f further object being to mount the seal in einenv e. mme ecn rtf-i y if e Pisdon and CY, 1 de?" `way that, during the operation of the device, the umerous Ot er o Jectsf a Vaniages" an in* seal wipes against4 a surface of the cylinder of bereut 'functions of themventton wlube app-arent larger area than the contactingr surface of `the from the following description Whlch ,taken in seal, to the end that wearing of the cylinder s urface' by the seal is reduced and the sealflapsor closes' a selected embodgnemf Ofemy invention' polishes, the cylinder surfacecnwhich it seats Referring'to the drawing? l Y and thus maintainssaid surface in smoothcondi- 1 Fgurel is a longitudinal Sectlion taken through, vnon for eneenve sealing.' a device embodying mygpresent invention;

Sides 0f the Work blade and Opening'each into the of theslot being formed'to rockinglyeceive the 270 Y connection with the accompanying drawings, dis' 45v Y so a A furtherobjeet is to form'tneennu1r-we11fof Figure 2 is e sectionaiview taken 'substantially 5o the cylinder. Ywith longitudioeiohenneis posijalons theline 1-2 in risure 1;, Ytionen to communicate 'witngthep amos" or' Y'the Figures is @perspective view of acylindefr-end Aforked vduct and to provide bores between said wall and supporting shaft forming apart'ofihe channels and the inner face of theannular cylinassembly shown in'Flgure 1; n .i f der wall in order to provide inlet ports to the work Figure 4 is an enlarged Stional View illustrat- 55 inga preferred port arrangement Aalongthe'line-lin'lligure i;`A .Figures 9 and i0 are, respectively, a' longitudi- Y nal section. through,'and an end view of a device embodying my invention, and provided with employed in the illustrated device;

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing modified forms of valved inlet and outlet ports;

Figures 6 and 'I are perspective'views respectively of the piston element and ofthe working blade and its associated bearing means forming a part of the device shown in Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a sectionalview taken substantially means for relatively the working parts;V

and l Figure 1ll ls longitudinal section-'murio Figure 1 showing a modified form of the device.'

To illustrate my invention, Ihave` shown on Vthe drawings, an hydraulic apparatus more especially adapted to function as a pump or" coinpressor, although ity will be obvious that manyy features of the invention will have'general appiication in 'or nuid flow. apparatus.

other than pump's.

' Devices embodying the invention, howevenaref characterized V'in 'that the work medium' .iiowsfromthe inletor entrancefof-the. device tothe outletor exit regardless of the directionin which the operatingparts'are moved.' Thedevice illus-Pf comprises-'a casingfli .having an entrance .Il andan exit I6 for the work medium and means II, comprising relatively movableco- Y operatingelemcnts including a-cylinder I9v and apiston. III' having r'oo-operating working sur.- faces, Aat, least "one of which is adapted to move circularly 'in leither direction during operation of the device and a working-blade2i extending between the cylinder and piston and operatively associated with the'working surfaces ofboth.

f 'Die 'invention is plrticiilarly .adaptable for iiicorporation in rotary'pumpsA or compressors since theadvantage of-apump, iwhichwill not reverse l fluid iiow there through but will deliver the .work medium 'continuously in one direction through `thedevice regardless of the direction in which the rotarypartfor'; driven, is obvious.

- vDespite the; manifest advantages .of such a 'pump` for compressor.V Il am unaware' that' pump or. compressor, capable of 'functionll in the mannerV described, has heretofore been pro- 1 lvided and, since the invention may, of course,

'berappliedin-other typesof hydraulic apparatusVV thanthe pump or compressor illustrated herein,- I donot tolimlt thev invention to vthe'spe- 4ciiic type kof illustrated in the drawings.

The invention, in fact, may be applied in any .typeof rotary iiuid-flow-dev'iceand is not necessarily restricted tothe illustrated embodiment,

Y-in which the piston'. element and cylinderfelev ment-.rotate invunison about eccentric-axes.Y 0n;

. the contrary, the `invention maybe applied in rotary devices wherein vthe piston is stationary and-the cylinder is rotated, or wherein the cylinlder is stationary and the piston rotated within thecylinder, or wherein one of the co-operating 'elements,.either piston or' cylinder, visv given a relative.. matory ol"A orbital movement vin a circular path with respect to the other working element .withV whichfitv'cooperates. I contemplate 'the embodiment of the novel features of Vmy present inventioniniail of the foregoing well known r'otary compressor Vconstructions in a mannerwhich, it is thought, will be obvious from the specific disclosure made herein ofz the invention asapplled in a pump or compressor hav-l ing the piston 2I- and cylinder Il rotating in unison about relatively eccentric axes.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cylinder and piston are mounted for rotation about relatively parallel eccentric axes with the piston in contact with the inner surface of the cylinder. Since the inner diameter of the cylinder is larger. than the external diameter of the pis? ton, a crescent-shaped working space is-deilned .between v,the co-operating parts, and the are moved, so that awork medium, introduced into the Ywork space, during its relative travelV past one` part of the cylinder, may bedischarged from the work space as the same moves past another "remote part ofthe cylinder and thus accomplish the hydraulic function ofthe device.

Theframe orcasing il provides a 'closed houscal yomp'artlnent'provided by thev walls 21.v The walls 2 l,-at 'the opening of the cylindrical caslng, and the cylindrical; edges of the plmzzl' are preferably Yformed withV an'interiittingtongue relative movement of the parts I0 andlhjdur-` ing the operation of the device, is such that the' .work space is caused to travel 'around the cylinder' continuously in one direction, depending, of "course, upon the direction'in which the parts and groove formation Il preferably carryln sealf ing means' comprising a gasket therebetween for the purpose of sealing the -jointbetween the cover and the co-operating walls offthe Vcasing'on which'it seats.l The parts 21 and 2l may 1 be secured .together .in any preferred fashion as by, means of the studsor bolts '35: i

'One of` the cci-operating parts, preferablylthe cylinder, is provided with 'means comprising :anl

axle Il'for driving the same, which Aaxle is Journaled in the walls' of the frame or casing 1l I, as.- by

means' of theantirictionbearing u mounted ln @sleeve-like .extension f u' -form'ed preferably on .thegcover 2 9. 'l'hcaxle 3 1v extends 1 outwardly.

of the outer end ofthe extension 4| through .a cover plate v,in wich the shaft is iourna1led;and -Y which i'ssecured to the oute'rend'of theextension end portions o1' the plate isI seated.

The other one which in turn is mounted on-the frame "H. The support 49 preferably comprises 'a'shaft'on which the piston is Journalled, the shafthavingia. p iston-carrying portion 5I extending-within the cylinder -and a mounting portion Il, which is carried inasleeve-like extension onthe frame, preferably in the'wall21 of the-casing opposite the cover.A The central axis of the shaft portionsll,

53 is eccentric with respect Vto the axis 'of =the `alrle'l, so' that the piston and cylinder- .are .mounted for rotation aboutfeccentric axes within the casing I I for the purpose` of performinggtheir hydraulic functionirl the manner heretofore described. I prefer ,a'lso `to form the shaft portion of the co-operating parts, pret- V erabl'y theA piston, is'- carried onV a;y support Il,

lislby means of. thebolts or studs 45, there being,

preferably a sealinggasket 1f interposed between v the peripheral portions vof they plate I3 andthe extension Il, on' vwhich said .1,

. 5I,'ou v which the fplston is carried in'such a `way 75 u 2,102,344 that the axis of the portion 5I is slightly displacedwith'respect to the axis of the shaft portion53, this displacement, however, being substantially less thanv the eccentricity of the'axis of the shaft portion 53 withrespect to the axle 31. By means of this arrangement, I am able to accurately adjust the eccentricity lof the piston within the cylinder by simply turning the shaftv 99. Consequently the cylinder and piston supporting means need not be exactly located in the frame and the working surfaces of the piston and cylinder may be finished without maintaining extremelyaccurate limitations `upon allowable tolerance during the finishing operation. The cost of manufacture isthus reduced yet the parts may beI accurately .adjustedfor maximum emciency in operation, it being understood,of course, that for maximum efficiency the piston should contact snuglyr with the'inner surface of Athe `cylinder -but without excessive pressure vin a' radial direction Vbetween ,the parts at the point'of contact.A The adjustment also may be used tocompensate for worn bearings as well asmanufacturing inaccuracies. In order to provide for the convenient adjustment of the piston in the-cylinderin the mann erV just described, the shaft portion 53 extends .outwardly of4 the wall 21, through a preferably threaded embossment51,theprojecting end of the shaft being also threaded as at 59 to receive a nut -6I adapted to lock vthe shaft inj'adjusted position,

the projectingend of the shaft also being formed with anon-circular portion l|53 adapted for the and protect the same as well as preventing the` escape of uid from the casing between the shaft and the` embossment 51. j. Relative adjustment -of the cylinder and piston may also beaccomplished by providing for shifting the cylinder on the frame, whilethe axle-,of the piston remains stationary. 10 this end, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the-central opening .of the end plate 15 ismade slightly larger than the sleeve-like frameportion 55 and the end plate is formed as at I9I with means` bearing directly on the wall 21 of the frame, which likewise is formed kwith bearing means |93. If desired, a suitable anti-friction device may be applied between the bearing portions |9| and |93. The

I cover plate 29 is made Aradially adjustable on the open end of the casing II, the 4tongue and groove Y 33 being formed to permit such adjusting move-- adapted to engagel the peripheral edge of theA cover in order to accurately vadjust the same-on the casing. By manipulating the screws |91, the position ofthe axle 31 with respect to the piston axis may be accurately adjusted, afterv which the studs 35 may be tightenedto secure the cover in u adjusted position.

The necessary adjusting `movement of the cover is of course very small and insuilicient, as a'practical matter, to disturb the alignment of the axle 31 with respect to a motor shaft or similar driving element with which the shaft may be coupled.

. Where a flexiblecouplingis employed, no danger whatever, through disturbance of alignment, is I u 1 f ldriving the piston rather than the cylinder, in

encountered.

l The constructions for adjusting the clearance oi' the piston and cylinder vare not, of course', necessarily restrictedrto the particular construcf tionillustratedand may be applied in anyirotary device requiring. such adjustment.

1n the illustratief:A embodiment, the pistn .is mounted for rotation on. theA stationary shaft` portion 5|, anti-friction bearing mea-ns 65 being interposed betweenthe shaft portion 5| andthe piston element, which comprises -a cylindrical member having a central bore `S9, through whichV the shaft extends. While I have shownl my pres- .Y

entinvention as applied in a rotary compressor,

in whlch'both the cylinderandpiston. arero- Vthat the invention may be applied in any arrangement whereby relative. movement is imparted to the co-operating parts` I9 'andZI tin a. manner toy causeV thek work space 24 to circulate relatively around the cylinder and I do not,'therefore, wish to limit theinvention necessarily toa device in which both the cylinder and Vpiston rotate.' g

I prefer, however, asin the form showninFlgy ures 1 through-7, to `arrange the parts so that thecylinder at least rotates and, to this end, and

to. simplify the construction and assembly of the cylinder, I formthe same y'as an assembled structurev comprising an annular element or` ring 1| the oppositeendsof which areA closed by preferably circular end plates-15 and 13. .v The endA y plates and intermediate ringare securedY together in any suitable fashion as by means of a plurality of spaced apart and .circularly arranged fastening bolts '11, penetrating registering bolt holes in the 'end plates and intermediate ring at the peripheral edges of the end plates,- the bolts being held inV placeby nuts 19. -One of the end plates is secured on the shaft4 31, while the other end plate isv formed withl an axialy opening adapted to receive Vthe Vsleeve-like portion 55, so that said' end ably being an anti-frictionlbearing 9| provided in the opening ofthe end plate for rotatably mounting the same on the portion 55. `The cylformed in the inner surface oi' the *cylinderring1I. Y

'Ihe blade-is as Vwideor slightly wider than `plate is journalled on said portion, there preferthe cylinder ring 1I, so that when the end plates and ring are clamped together, the opposite edges of theblade will be snugly pressed against the opposite `facing surfaces of the end plates and,l v if desired, said end platesmay be provided. with grooves `for receiving the opposed vends o1' the blade. In any event, the blade` is tightly held by'and between the end plates'so that leakage of the workV medium between the edges ofthe blade and the contacting surfaces of. the Vendv plates and ring 1I is' prevented..

The blade extends in a substantially radialslot 81 formed in the piston so that rotation ofthe cylinder by means 4of the shaft 31 will4 cause rotation of the piston through the drivingconnection Vof the blade, which is fixed on the cylthe piston through the` driving connection pro- Y vided by the blade. lIt, is, of course, within the r contemplation of my invention yto provide for vblade 22.`r

are mounted for rotation about relatively eccentric axes. the work space 24,-when the parts are rotated,will be caused to travel'relatively Aaround the circumference ofthe cylinder ringll. The however; travels with thev cylinder `so that thev operation of the parts in the .manner described `willresult in the developmentzof un'- equal'fpressures in the work space 24v onopposite sides ofthe blade 22.` "For examplegfii the elements i2 and 2| are rotated in a clockwise direc'tion. viewing Figures 2 and 4, pressure will be relatively reduced in the space 24 on `the right hand side'of the blade 22 and will be relatively increased on the left hand side of the blade. Conversely, lif the :rotation is' counter-clockwise, pressure will `be reduced-in the-space 24 onthe left hand side of the blade 22 and ,increased on :the-right hand side. 1

I have provided inlet ports opening in the kchainber 24 on opposite sides of the blade 22, saidy inlet ports Veaclivcommuniceltingwith the work medium entrance I2.` These 'Y inlet openings ,29 are provided each with-a valve lill adapted to open inwardly so that, upon rotation'oftheV elements in a clockwise direction, viewing Figures Zand 4, the workmediumy may be `drawrlinto the work space 24 on the right handfside of the blade 22andmay not enter through the port V92 opening in the chamber on-the left handside of the blade against 'the'pressure there developed byzthe clockwise rotation vof the parts. When the 'parts rotate in a counter-clockwise direction,

' however, the lconsequent reduction in pressure kon "the left handl side oi-the blader22 permits the t rotation of the parts.

t. `I also provide outlet `,with the work space blade V22,".,wliich portsl areA preferably formed in Vthe cylinder ring 1|- and open Y more convenient -to` form ports in the ring 1|.

` preferably ing. in the chamber work material to enter through the inlet 22 open- V24 on the left handV side of the blade. The work medium, under such conditions, mayi'iot enter the work space on the right handy side of the blade dueto the pressure developed there as a resultof the counter-clockwise ports |22 communicating 24 on `opposite sides oi the into the .chamber provided by the casing il. Alternately, the ports |22 may be made in the end plates 12 and 15 as 99, althoughl ilnd it the inlet and outlet 'The outwardly opening ends are provided with annular inmay alsothe inletl ports of the ports |22 Vserts I formingl outwardly facing pvalve seats receive nap valves |01 comprising a exible strip of any suitable material adapted to f secured in position'as .by the fastening member |09 in position to overlle the outwardly opening means for said ilapvalves.

ends of the outlets A|Il2.- I may provide guard The flap valves .are sofarranged as to permit the escape of the work mediumfrom the work space 24v on the op-` positesidesof the blade whenever pressure is increased by the rotation of the When the parts are rotating in a clockwise direction, viewing Figures 2 and 4, the work medium may escape through outlet |02, which opens on the left handy i side of the plate, but mayfnot enter throughfthe opening on the right hand side ofthe blade into where pressure is n reduced by clockwise rotation of the parts. Conversely, when the parts are rotating in a counterclockwise direction. the work medium, under pressure in the chamber 24, may escape through the outlet |02 on the rightjhancl side of the blade 22. but may not enter the chamber through thegopening |02 disposedon theflefthand'side, since t'he nap valve. associated with the opening,fwill pre#` vent ingress of the medium in response to thereduction oi the pressure developed in the work space on the leftfhand side oi' the blade, due tro counter-clockwisrotation Aif the parts. C onsequently,fregardless of the direction of rotation of the parts,lthe work/medium will be drawn into the compression space @through vone or other; of

the :niet ports as. will b compressed 1n thejsi'pace.

and discharged throughone'or other o'f theiout- .Vina counter-clockwise direction, viewing `Figures 2 and 4, the medium will be drawn into thework chamber on the right hand side or the blade: and

then bey forced on. the left 'hand side of the blade.

let ports |02.; -Where the device isbe'ing driven 15 v around 'the cylinder and'fdis- I charged through the outlet |02,jwhich operisfinA the Chamber 20 vWhen the parts are driven in a counter-clock-y A cylinder and discharged through .the'outlet opening |02,` which 'opens in the work Aspaeon the right nandside ofthe blade. Y v

' In order tol deliver the work medium from lthe entrance Vi2 to' the inlet ports 29,1 provide a channel or conduitV ||2 inthe wall portions 29, which conduit ||2 communicatesfro'mthe entrance1|2 into an annular, chamber 'H5 formed inthe wallportions 21v at'the sleeve 55, 'which carries the lpiston support 42.t Thepistonsupport also is formedjwith alongitudinalvr channel Y| Il,

which communicatesfwlth the chamber H5r through a radial opening H2. The'channel |l1` also `opens at the inner'end of the shaft 49 and communicates with a duct I2| formed in the end plate 12er thecylinder. The duct |21 extends in the end plate to a point opposite the Vinner end f of the shaft u anchas an opening;v mv to the inner face of the yend. plate substantially at the center, through which opening the duct commun'icates with the vchannel Ill. 'Ihe duct 12| extends' substantially radially of the opening :|22

substantially tothe periphery of theendgplate.

'Ihe arms |25v each have an opening |21. onf-theV inner surface of the end plate in position to register with ductsi'formed in the ring 1|. These' ducts preferably extend longitudinally in said ring andropen inwardly to provide theinlet ports 29. i Y a The inlet ports 22 arefpreferably formed by openings |2| extending in. a radial direction through theannular ring 1l, said openingsextending from the outer 'tothe inner surface. of

said ring andintercepting the channels |22. The

valves preferably comprise spring blades :|22,

secured vin a depression |24 formed in the inner surface of the cylinder ring 1| in position overlying the inner end of the duct |2|, which is and has a pair of forked arms |25; whichextend j preferably provided with a sleevelike bushing I 22 forming a valve seat. VThe outerend of each of the openings v|2| may be closed as by means-oi a As shown in Figure 4 Yof the drawings, the

valves ||I| and |21 vmay comprise leaf springs sup-V portedineach in positionto close the port with which the sameis associate@ As shown in Figure Y 5, however, the valves may each'compri'se a headed element engaging inV a seat formed in acage |22 and having'a stem extending in and V'carried by said cage. The stem in each case ia preferably resiliently urged to normally keep the head of the valve in its seat. The valves, in the openingsy |3|, however, open inwardly into the" work space 24 while the valves vin the openings |03 open out When'the valves |0| are closed, however, their heads are substantially flush withthe inner surface of the ring 1| Vso that there are no pockets formed into which vthe'worlrmediuxn vmay be compressed and `thus reduce the eillciency of the machine.1 It.will be noted also thatthe valves, when closed',V do not interfere inany way with the piston2l. I

lin order to seal the channel ||1y and the duct |2| at ,their point of communication, it being remembered that the channel in isrormed-in tnestationary shaft 49 while theduct |2| -is formed in the endplate of the rotating cylinder, I'mnunt asleeve |31 in the open end of the channel ||-1,v

said sleeve projecting outwardly of the 'end of the shaft in position to carryl an annular sealing ring |39.A 'I'his sealing ring comprises a-cup-'shaped element adapted to contain .a sealing gasket |4| of resilient'materialzadapted tc"seal the spacebetween the ring |39 and the sleeve |31.:v The 'end of the shaft 49 is 'also yprovided with a grooveV |43;

adaptedto contains spring |45in position to compress the gasket |4| and yieldinglyurge the ring |39 in an axial direction outwardly on' the sleeve |31 into engagement'with 'the facepf thef endplate" 13, around theduct opening L|23so i that, when the cylinder is rotating, the ring |39 provides a running seal therewith. Y It willbe` noted that the end plate 13 rotates about an axis eccentric with respect to the central axis of the annular ring |39 so that thering bears upon an' area of the end plate considerably larger than the contacting area of the ring.v `Wear of the end plate at its ring bearing surface'is thus eliminated and the relative motion of the sealy ring on the end plate providesa wiping effect, whereby thev ring continuously'laps .thesurface oi' the end platesand maintains the sealing surfacesV in highly polished condition to prevent leakageof'the work medium at the seal. Y

While, in Figures l8of the drawings, I have shown the inlet channel extending from'.y vthe entrance7|3 Vthrough ythe conduit ||3, the channel Ill, and thencer into theduct |2 it is, of course. Within the 'contemplation `of my present invention,= as indicated at |42 in Figure 11, to form the entrance on the shaft 31 externally of the casing and to connectthe entrance directly with the l duct V|2| through a channell extending 1ongi 1 tudinally in the axle 31 in position to communi'- catedirectly with the ductjin which event, the

piston-carrying shaft 49 maybefsolidandthej necessity of the sealing ring rand associatedelements eliminated. 'I'he fluid-medium delivered from theY compression space 24 through one of the outlets |03, depending upon l.thev rotation 'of the operatingV parts, is, of course, deliveredwithl' in the casing in. compressed condition regarde"- less of the direction of rotation of the mechanism.` The compressed medium maybe delivered thence through the exit l5. n will be seentherefore, that regardlessof the direction of rotation L of the parts, the Workmedium will flow'through the operating parts, I prefer, to employ circulating means built" intothe frame or casing l, and connected` to be driven from the axle 31, although, of course, separately driven lubricant the apparatus from the entrance '|3 to the exit. y

Iny order to provide, i'orv adequately lubricating forcing means may alsobeenlployethI I have. however, showna lubricant pump comprising` an4 annular statorV |49 held between-endmlates IBI' and mounted within the extension ofv the casing The stator and end plates are preferably held togetherV and in place in the extension infany suitable fashion as by means of .the studs |53 and forming a compression space, in which an annular l rotor.Y or fluid-forcing` element |55ismounted for operation.; 'Ihe rotor is splined on the axle 31 and has anouter surfacev relatively eccentric with.- respect tothe inner surface of the-sta.tor1|49.v In many cases, as; for instancerwhere the `ldevice isused as a compressor .for a medium', which itself comprisesaelubricana the lubricant forcing pump and circulating. systemjust described 'may bei eliminated.. For example, a comprsor; used in a refrigerating system, in which methyl chloride f is utilized as the refrigeratingmediuxmneednot be provided with a lubricatingsys'tem since a Vsuitable lubricantcan be .delivered `.to the devicev with the -IrefrigerantA J The fluid-forcing means is assembled in the extension on one side of apartition |59',fwliich divides the :extension- 4| into a lubricant suction chamber |6| and-a housing forV the lubricant.

pumpand the bearing v39; with the 'chamber' |6| extending between the partition`|59 `and the y cover 43.Y Suitable sealmeans |62 is'prefrably provided to seal-'the 'openings in the cover and partition at thefplaces where the shaft'extends' therethrough. The chamberV` |6| is'connected with the iluidfforcing space within the 'stator |49 by meansiof a duct |63 'formedthiough' 'the`v partition |59and-one ofthe end plates |5I. 'I'he4v lubricant pump is irst assembled inthe exten` sion 4| and the ..bearing"39 fitted on the shaft' 31. The -covermay then-'be' applied to the shaft' and bearing.; As thev cover studs 35 are tight# ened, the sleeve 4|is drawn onto the ybearing 39;

lwhich, in turn, 'is forced along Vthe'shaft 31, the' frictional resistance causing the shaft and cyllnder to be forced toward the right, viewingFig- V ure 1, until thebearings 39 and 8|, carrying theV rotor therebetween, assume nal assembled position. When the axlef31 rotates and'drives the rotor |55, theglubricatingmedium is drawn from the chamber l|6| through the duct |63, is comi pressed in ythe lubricantforcing means, and' delivered through the channel |65 extending radi'' any oft-ne rotor k|55 into the ax1e 31. .The compressed lubricant `is Adelivered thencethrough a Y longitudinal channel |61 formed'in the axle to a duct |69 in the end plate 13. 'I'his duct opens l l the 'piston so that the bearings .65therein, mayy receive adequate lubrication. The chamber.V |r1| i alsorcommunicates through the ducts |13 with.

an annular chamber |15 formed within the .pis-f ton. The'opposite side walls of the piston are f formed with openings |11, `which Vcommunicate the-,chamber |15 withfthe surfaces of theendV plates sothat lubricant is delivered to said sur- .faces for lubricating the working surfaces of the* piston which are in engagement Awith the end plates. The bearingl Vreceives its `lubrication by `seepage of lubricant from the end-of the chamber 69-and the sleeve-like support 55 con-Y thewalls of the casing'll.

I prefer to connect the outlet'- tll by suitable pipes Inwith Vafresex'voirltlwhe're, if'dsired, the lubricant Amay becooled.l "Y'I'he reservoir has asuct'ion ipipe Illl connectedwith the suctionV chamber. IBIr so that 'f when the device is iin-f op- Y eration, the lubricant'is drawn Vfrom the reserl- Y between and around the blade. I also prefer to l 40'- voir IIS into the suction chamber il land'is Y then delivered under pressureV throughl the AJiorcf ing pumpilnto the compressor as previously de-Vv vscribed -andl vis then'` returned fromy the compresser to the reservoir lll. ,Sonie oifthe-lubricant, of course,f.escapestrom thecompressor elements-and enters the casing |I| v This lubricant wil1, col1ect1in asumplll at the bottomof :the 6851.118 land'.wlllidraii'i fintomfthe .reservoir-'fuif throghapipe connection-Ill.` y Y Since VVthebladefis iixedwwith respectl to the cylinder to; prevent; leakage between `the', edges of Athe blade and the cylinder,.with zwhich they engage, itis obvious that the blade will necessarily have a relatively tilting movementA during f the operationof the device and I form the appasite sides of theslot 1 with recesses .I adapted to receive preferably semi-cylindrical*bearingV blocks li. The bearing blockshave'- nat 'sur-f faces facing the blade and between whichthe yblade may have reciprocating .sliding movement duringthe'operation ofthe device. if

The bearing blocks .Il also-may `rock within the recesses 89 in order to permit-'the blade to tilt with lrespect to the ,pistonduringthe operation ofthe device, while atfthe 'same time :nain-` taining contact between the ilat. surfaces ci'. the bearing blocksand the opposite sidesA of thev4 blade in order kto seal against fluid leakage thereprovide' recess extensions Il in the piston in position behind nthe Vbearing blocks Il and adapted toreceive means comprising the blocks I and spring means 91, adapted to yieldingly urge the bearlngblocks Il jat all times toward the blade It is :apparent that, sincethe piston fis driven:

by the blade, yone oi' the bearingfblocks,l to-wit, the leading block, will .be'compressed by and between, the blade and the recess, in whichitis seated so that aV proper seal againstleakage will be maintained between the-,blade and the leading block as a result oi' the driving'force exerted on the piston through said blo'ck.-` The trailing block, however, will not be under'compression and itis the function oi the pressure means 95 andL 91 to maintain the'trailingiblock in sealing engagement with the blade at all 'time`s. Iffthe tion with eachfblock inV order to seal thetrailing bloclrv againsttheblade nomatter in 4which directionthedevi'ceis rotating.-

It is thought that the inventionand'numer- 1 ous oiits attendant advantages will belunderstood from the foregoing description and it'is t obvious thatv numerous changes may be made in the form, construction, and arrangement 'of the several-parts of the'illustrated apparatus without departing from the spirit or scope ot my in- 4vention or sacriilcing'any of its attendant ad- .tains a duct Ill extending-from'an end of the chamber Vl to a lubricant outlet lll'iormed iniV vantages. the ,forms'herein described beingmerelly for the purpose of illustrating'the invention.

lHaving thus describedvmy invention, whatI entls asiollows: Y ,Y Y

l1: v'A'rotary reversible1 compressor 'cori'iprisingfv a..

claim as newV and desire to secure bylietters 'Patcylinder `element anda piston element withinl Ythe cylinder element,` said piston elementhaving anaxisfrel'ativlyeccentric with re'specttouther axis` of the Ycylinder element', "said elenfientsv deflningY a compression space therebetween, means" to rotate' the. cyiinderelementabout lits axis. a `V blade carriedby the cyllnderelement and having bearing' engagement on the; piston A"element,

said bladev being adapted `to -lsweepf through said compression VspaceI during-f an operating .cycle of ther compressor whereby-` to force-fluid in said'fl compression.. space, said .cylinder -elernentfhaving 'inlet ports `communicating with saldffcorpression space; one ori each of the opposite Vsides of f' said blade, 4both .of saidinlet ports being provided'rwith valve means opening-toward said -V space, means kforming-a commoninlet' com` municating with said inlet ports in-advance of" said valve xrieansfsaidcylinderv element also be-1 ing formed with outletv means comprising outlets ports .communicating with vsaid.,compressiozrngspace, one on each of they opposed-sides of said-. v blade-,and opening outwardly fof said cylinderthrough a 'wall Y thereof, both ofC said outlet rports having valve means opening. outwardly of. safid Y compression space whereby the compressor may deliver a uidlwork medium from the inlet through saidvou'tletmeans regardlessof the di- Y rection of rotation of Vsaid `ylin'iler elementi, '2. A rotary reversiblecompressor asset'i'orth 35 Y in' 'claim i," wherein, the cylinder element ,com-Jv sideo'f said frim wherein the cominon'inlet: comprisesv a'forked ductl extending in Vsaid en d wall', andmeans connecting each oi' the branches j vpiises' a cylindrical Yandv an end` wallon' one n of Ysaid forked duct. wlth' one of 4said inlet 3. A rotary" reversible compressor asset forth: inv claim 1, wherein Ithe cylinder ;element,com

prises a cylindrical rim, ltheyblade,beinglf'seciireli wherein vsaid inlet ports comprise openings on the 4 inner surface ofY said rim, onkopposite sides `oi said blade, and wherein the common inlet krcomprises a. forked duct. extendingJinsaid end wall an'dfopening each at the edges thereofVA oppo-V site vthe rim, .including duct means'insaid rim and-connecting each of the arms Ioi', the iforkedV duct with' one oi' said inlet ports.

4g AA rotary reversible. compr y essor as setiforth 55 1 in claim 1,'whereinlthe cylinder element com-V prises a cylindrical; rim, an end wall on one side i essais grimaud, an aineprojectingoutwardly of said end wall 'co-axially with respect tothe cylindrical rimfarfid providingmea'ns for rotatably mounting thecylinder, Vthe commonV inlet comprislng a" duct formed longitudinally in said axle, Y

and ymeans connectin'geach oijsaid inlet ports,`

with `said longitudinally extending axle duct."

5; A*Arotary reversible compressoras setforth v' in' claim 1, wherein A thecylinder element com-@ prises a' cylindrical-mman end wall on one sld'ef oi' said'v rim and an axle projecting outwardly of said end wall centrally thereofl `and. providing j means for rotatably mounting the cylinder, a

sleeve-like supportin which said axle ris mounted and through which'it entends, said common in"-` let' comprising a chamber defined in said support around said axle, means-to seal the chamber 1 against iiuid leakage alongthe surfaces'oi said` on and extending radially inwardly of said"1'lm.- 45V shaft, said common inlet and duct means extending in said axle for connecting said chamber with both of said inlet ports.

6. A rotarypreversible compressor as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cylinder element comprises a c'yllndrical rim, an end wall on one side of said rim and an axle projecting outwardlyof said end wall centrally thereof and providing means for rotatably mounting the cylinder. a sleeve-dike support in which said axle is mounted and through which it extends, said common inlet comprising a chamber dened in said support around said axle, duct means extending lon-k gitudinally in said axle and opening in said chamber, and a radial duct in said end wall and communicating with said longitudinally extending duct means centrally ofsaid wall, said radial duct having forked arms, each communicating with one of said inlet ports.

7. A rotary reversible compressor as set forth in claim 1, wherein the valve means at the -outlet ports comprise sheet metal strip means anchored on the cylinder element and having free ends overlying the outwardly opening ends of said ports including fittings forming valve seats for the ends of said strip means. said ttings being set in the outwardly opening ends of the outlet ports. l l

8. A rotary reversible compressor as set forth in claim 1, wherein certain of the valve means comprises a cage disposed in the port with which the valve means is associated, said cage providing a valve seat, a valve having a head adapted to engage said seat substantially at the inner surface of the cylinder whereby to avoid a pocket in said cylinder in communication with said compression space, and spring means normally urging the head to vengagev the seat in said cage.

9. A rotary reversible compressor as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cylinder element comprises an outwardly extending axle, and wherein said common inlet comprises duct means in said axle. Y

-10. A rotary reversible compressor asset forth Y e 

